Damn Hemmorhoids!!!
OK - really:
1. That bass do actually put their dorsal up underwater - all aquarium stripers I've seen swim dorsal retracted...
2. Not a clue but happy that the Pats won?? Well with the dorsal up maybe on edge because of the unknown (like you taking pics) or a predator nearby (unlikely but possible) - about to feed on something perhaps?
3. Some but not excessive sediment in the water so near the whitewash but not terribly turbulent their now...
4. Looks like a racer in the high 30 inch range - maybe 39 inches but light, maybe 21 pounds - doesn't look like a bucket mouth
5. Go deep - that's where the fish is...