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electrical is probably the easiest thing the boat for the do-it-yourselfer to fix. It is just a lot of trobuleshooting and follwing the wires around. A basic guide to electrical "theory" on a boat is called "the 12-volt bible" and you can get it on any of the book sites for pretty cheap. It won't tell you how to fix your problem, or how to wire your boat, but it will give you the knowledge you need to fix any problem, install anything, or do anything with your boats electrial systems.
That being said, the problem with your bilge pump can be solved like this.
This is how I would troubleshoot it.
assuming that your pump has a float switch built in... it should have three wires coming off of it. One is the hot for the manual on, one is the hot for the float switch on, and one is the ground. Run a lead off the + and - batt back to the pump. touch the manual hot to the + lead and the ground to the - lead. Pump should run. Touch the float switch hot to the + lead and the ground to the - lead. Pump should not run assuming bilge is dry. If it is running, you have a bad float switch. It could be stuck or just broken. If it only runs with the switch is raised, then the problem is probably with the switch on your pannel. Repeat same sort of process with leads coming to the back of the switch on the pannel.
I hope that makes sense.
GOOD LUCK
ZAC
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