DZ:
We took a look at this back when I was a rookie geologist using side-scan, so I was only doing the geology part, so my memory might be fuzzy on some of it..
Basically, the scars from the trawl doors is more persistent in muddy, low energy environments, in fact we had a hard time seeing ANY on hard sandy bottom near Whale rock. So as far as changing the bottom it works in that way. This was due to the sandy substrate being 'resurface' more frequently by waves and specifically tidal flow..
On a biologic scale though, the worst impacts were on gravel/hard bottom, where all the attached plant-type critters get mowed over...
Check the link below for some more info..
Bryan
http://seagrant.gso.uri.edu/fisherie...ons/collie.pdf