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Sounds like they are blaming things on either "short bowel syndrome" or extensive mucosal (the bowel lining) destruction from lack of blood flow. Any acute "inflammation" should be long gone (although this gets into semantics and they may be using the word "inflammation" as a softer term for "damage"). Probably they are hoping for the remaining healthy bowel lining to expand and take up the slack. That takes time.
Whether it explains his vomiting or not, you can't be sure. Lots of other things are concerns and can be missed. If one is not already involved, it would likely be helpful to have a gastroenterologist see him.
Also, did his kidneys recover fully? Kidney dysfunction (particularly high levels of protein waste called "BUN") can kill your appetite and cause nausea. Often this level gets high as a necessary evil when trying to build patients back up on TPN if their kidney function is marginal. You can ask the nurse what this value is. If it is near 100 (nl is 10-20) that can cause issues (but, again, ones you may have to accept in order to build him back up).
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